# The standard types

There are 247 standard types, listed here by group. Each part or kind a
standard type names is a standard type too, so it is read, sent and
stored by its code: `IdentityDocumentKind`, `InterestRateBasis`,
`ContentRatingScheme`, `RichTextBlock`, `RichTextSpan`, `RichTextMark`,
`ClothingSizeSystem`, `ShoeSizeSystem`, `RouteOfAdministration` and
`ChatRole`. GeoJSON's `Feature` and `FeatureCollection` are defined on
the [Geospatial](geospatial.md) page.

In the table, "(enum)" marks a closed list held as a built-in enum, and
"Extras in" names the namespace whose operations go beyond the
[baseline](every-standard-type-meets-one-contract.md). Every type is built,
which the bold marks.

| Group | Types | Extras in |
|---|---|---|
| People and contact (12) | **`PersonName`**, **`GivenName`**, **`FamilyName`**, **`Username`**, **`Email`**, **`EmailWithName`**, **`PhoneNumber`**, **`PhoneExtension`**, **`PostalAddress`**, **`PostalCode`**, **`Uprn`**, **`Nationality`** (enum) | `web` |
| Places (10) | **`Country`** (enum), **`CountrySubdivision`** (enum), **`Continent`** (enum), **`UnLocode`**, **`CallingCode`**, **`Language`** (enum), **`WritingScript`** (enum), **`TextDirection`** (enum), **`Locale`** (enum), **`Zone`** (enum) | |
| Geospatial (17) | **`Point`** (optional altitude), **`Latitude`**, **`Longitude`**, **`LineString`**, **`Polygon`**, **`MultiPoint`**, **`MultiLineString`**, **`MultiPolygon`**, **`Geometry`**, **`BoundingBox`**, **`Circle`**, **`Bearing`**, **`Crs`**, **`EastingNorthing`**, **`MapTile`**, **`H3Cell`**, **`Geohash`** | `geo` ([Geospatial](geospatial.md)) |
| Money, payments, banking (24) | **`Money`**, **`Currency`** (enum), **`ExchangeRate`**, **`Price`**, **`UnitPrice`**, **`TaxRate`**, **`Discount`**, **`BasisPoints`**, **`InterestRate`**, **`PaymentCardNumber`**, **`MaskedCardNumber`**, **`CardBrand`** (enum), **`CardBin`**, **`CardExpiry`**, **`PaymentReference`**, **`InvoiceNumber`**, **`Iban`**, **`Bic`**, **`UkSortCode`**, **`UkAccountNumber`**, **`BankAccount`**, **`AbaRoutingNumber`**, **`Lei`**, **`Isin`** | `money` |
| Tax and identity numbers (11, and `IdentityDocumentKind`) | **`VatNumber`**, **`TaxId`**, **`UkUtr`**, **`UkCompanyNumber`**, **`UkNationalInsuranceNumber`**, **`UsSsn`**, **`UsEin`**, **`PassportNumber`**, **`DrivingLicenceNumber`**, **`IdentityDocument`** with **`IdentityDocumentKind`** (enum), **`NhsNumber`** | |
| Commerce and logistics (20, and `ClothingSizeSystem` and `ShoeSizeSystem`) | **`Sku`**, **`Ean13`**, **`UpcA`**, **`Isbn`**, **`Sscc`**, **`Barcode`**, **`UnitQuantity`**, **`Rating`**, **`ClothingSize`** with **`ClothingSizeSystem`** (enum), **`ShoeSize`** with **`ShoeSizeSystem`** (enum), **`Dimensions`**, **`HsCode`**, **`Incoterm`** (enum), **`TrackingNumber`**, **`Carrier`**, **`ContainerNumber`**, **`LotNumber`**, **`SerialNumber`**, **`Vin`**, **`VehicleRegistration`** | `units`, `media` |
| Time and calendar (19) | **`Instant`**, **`CalendarDate`**, **`ZonedTime`**, **`Duration`**, **`Weekday`** (enum), **`LocalTime`**, **`LocalDateTime`**, **`Month`** (enum), **`YearMonth`**, **`Year`**, **`Quarter`**, **`IsoWeek`**, **`UtcOffset`**, **`DateRange`**, **`InstantRange`**, **`CalendarPeriod`**, **`RecurrenceRule`**, **`OpeningHours`**, **`CalendarEvent`** | `temporal`, `range` |
| Physical quantities (17) | **`Length`**, **`Area`**, **`Volume`**, **`Angle`**, **`Mass`**, **`Pressure`**, **`Energy`**, **`Power`**, **`Temperature`**, **`TemperatureDifference`**, **`Speed`**, **`Frequency`**, **`Voltage`**, **`Current`**, **`Illuminance`**, **`SoundLevel`**, **`Concentration`** | `units` |
| Maths and data (8) | **`Percentage`**, **`Ratio`**, **`Fraction`**, **`Range<T>`**, **`DataSize`**, **`Bitrate`**, **`Vector`**, **`Embedding`** | `range`, `units`; [AI](ai.md) |
| Health (9, and `RouteOfAdministration`) | **`BloodType`** (enum), **`Icd10Code`**, **`SnomedConcept`**, **`Dose`**, **`DosageInstruction`** with **`RouteOfAdministration`** (enum), **`HeartRate`**, **`BloodPressure`**, **`BloodGlucose`**, **`Allergen`** (enum) | |
| Media and visual (15, and `ContentRatingScheme`) | **`Colour`**, **`ImageDimensions`**, **`AspectRatio`**, **`Rect`**, **`Insets`**, **`PaperSize`** (enum), **`ExifOrientation`** (enum), **`AltText`**, **`FrameRate`**, **`VideoResolution`**, **`VideoCodec`**, **`AudioCodec`**, **`Timecode`**, **`SubtitleCue`**, **`ContentRating`** with **`ContentRatingScheme`** (enum) | `colour`, `media` |
| Web and network (23) | **`Url`**, **`UrlPath`**, **`RelativeUrl`**, **`Slug`**, **`DomainName`**, **`Hostname`**, **`WebOrigin`**, **`HttpMethod`** (enum), **`HttpStatus`**, **`HttpHeaderName`**, **`FileType`**, **`UserAgent`**, **`ProblemDetails`**, **`JsonPointer`**, **`Cookie`**, **`UtmParameters`**, **`IpAddress`**, **`Cidr`**, **`NetworkPort`**, **`MacAddress`**, **`Imei`**, **`Emoji`**, **`PushToken`** | `web` |
| Software (19) | **`SemanticVersion`**, **`VersionRange`**, **`GitRef`**, **`PackageUrl`**, **`Cve`**, **`SpdxLicence`**, **`TraceId`**, **`SpanId`**, **`TraceParent`**, **`LogLevel`** (enum), **`FilePath`**, **`FileName`**, **`RegularExpression`**, **`ContainerImage`**, **`Digest`**, **`Uuid`**, **`Ulid`**, **`IdempotencyKey`**, **`Doi`** | `semver` |
| Text formats (4) | **`Markdown`**, **`Html`**, **`RichText`**, **`LocalisedText`** | `markup`, `text` |
| Security (20) | **`Password`**, **`PasswordHash`**, **`PasswordPolicy`**, **`Hash`**, **`Hmac`**, **`Jwt`**, **`JwtClaims`**, **`Jwk`**, **`PublicKey`**, **`PrivateKey`**, **`Certificate`**, **`TotpSecret`**, **`OneTimeCode`**, **`ApiKey`**, **`SecretText`**, **`BearerToken`**, **`OAuthScope`**, **`OidcClaims`**, **`WebAuthnCredential`**, **`EncryptedValue`** | `crypto` |
| Travel (6) | **`IataAirport`**, **`IcaoAirport`**, **`IataAirline`**, **`FlightNumber`**, **`CabinClass`** (enum), **`BookingReference`** | |
| Other with a published standard (10) | **`UnNumber`**, **`Orcid`**, **`CefrLevel`** (enum), **`Mpan`**, **`Mprn`**, **`EpcRating`** (enum), **`Tenure`** (enum), **`LawfulBasis`** (enum), **`Jurisdiction`**, **`ModelId`** | |
| AI (3, and `ChatRole`) | **`TokenCount`**, **`TokenUsage`**, **`ChatMessage`** with **`ChatRole`** (enum) | [AI](ai.md) |

Three rules shape the list:

- **Country-specific identifiers are global types,** like the rest.
  `UkSortCode`, `UsSsn` and `NhsNumber` are named by their country, so
  they don't clash.
- **Gender and sex at birth are left out.** They are contested, and they
  are personal data, so your app models them deliberately, and
  [Personal data](personal-data.md) treats them as sensitive.
- **A quantity is stored in its SI base unit.** You choose a unit when
  you make the value and when you show it: `units.of(5, LengthUnit.mile)`
  holds metres, and `text.format(distance, locale:, unit: LengthUnit.mile)`
  shows miles. So `==` and ordering just work, and storage is one
  `numeric` column.

## How standard types are named

A standard type's name says exactly what it is, so it doesn't take a word
your app needs for something else. The name is, in order of preference:

1. the defining standard's own term, qualified until it is unambiguous:
   `PostalAddress`, `RecurrenceRule`, `ProblemDetails`;
2. otherwise the noun, qualified by what it holds: `DateRange`,
   `DataSize`, `ImageDimensions`;
3. never a bare word an app plausibly uses for its own, different thing,
   except a generic container that takes a type, such as `Range<T>`, as
   `List<T>` is.

So it is `CountrySubdivision`, not `Subdivision`, which could be a housing
subdivision, and `UnitQuantity`, not `Quantity`, which could be an order
line's count. The same rule gives `SecretText`, `NetworkPort`,
`WritingScript` and `WebOrigin`, and a time interval is the built-in
`InstantRange`. A bare word passes when an app using it means the
standard thing: `Price`, `Area`, `Mass`, `Currency`.

`Point` and `Length` are the two exceptions, so that geography and
quantities read naturally (`var shelf: Length = 2metre`). Built-in names
older than the rule (`File`, `Page`, `Access`) keep their names.

## Types that aren't on the list

Some types you might look for are folded into another, so nothing is
lost: units into their quantity type, roles into the general type, and
duplicates into the one type they duplicate. Formats and application
entities are left out:

| What | Became |
|---|---|
| Units (`Metre`, `Mile`, `Kilogram`, `Pound`, `Celsius`, `Litre`, `KilowattHour`, every `...Unit` enum and 17 more) | The quantity type, with a unit at construction and display |
| Roles: `Height`, `GeoDistance` · `FloorArea` · `WindSpeed` · `BodyTemperature` · `BarometricPressure` · `MediaDuration` · `DateOfBirth`, `ExpiryDate` · `CountryOfOrigin` · `UsState`, `Region` · `Salary` | `Length` · `Area` · `Speed` · `Temperature` · `Pressure` · `Duration` · `CalendarDate` · `Country` · `CountrySubdivision` · `Money`: a field of the general type |
| Duplicates: `Timestamp`, `Uri`, `Ipv4Address`, `Ipv6Address`, `HexColour`, `HslColour`, `Sha256`, `UuidV7`, `Point3D`, `CountryAlpha3`, `LanguageAlpha3`, `UkPostcode`, `UsZipCode`, `UkNumberPlate`, `EuVatNumber`, `UkVatNumber`, `TimeRange`, `MinorUnits`, `MediaType`, `ImageFormat` | The one standard type each duplicates |
| Also folded in review: `AddressLine`, `BarcodeSymbology`, `DoseFrequency`, `FlightDesignator`, `GitSha`, `Gtin`, `HttpHeaders`, `Humidity`, `PackageDimensions`, `PackageName`, `PhysicalQuantity`, `UnitOfMeasure`, `Ucum`, `Proportion`, `QueryString`, `SubtitleTrack`, `UkBankAccount`, `WebhookSignature`, `WindDirection`, `CarbonDioxideEquivalent` | `PostalAddress`, `Barcode`, `DosageInstruction`, `FlightNumber`, `GitRef`, `Ean13`, `HttpHeaderName`, `Percentage`, `Dimensions`, `PackageUrl`, `UnitQuantity` (three), `Ratio`, `Url`, `SubtitleCue`, `BankAccount`, `Hmac`, `Bearing`, `Mass` |
| Formats: `Hex`, `Base64`, `Wkt`, `Json`, `CsvDialect`, `MessageFormat`, `VCard`, `OtpAuthUri`, `CssLength` | Out: `encoding.` and `json.` operations |
| Application entities: `Recipe`, `HotelStay`, `OrderStatus`, `PaymentStatus`, `Consent`, `SensorReading`, `StoredFile`, `UserId`, `Allergy` and 31 more | Out: an application's own records |
| `Gender`, `SexAtBirth`, `Cvv` | Out: sensitive (a CVV is never stored) |
| `HashAlgorithm`, `KeyAlgorithm`; `SessionId`; `AcceptLanguage` | Out: no algorithm choices; the runtime's ([Identity](identity.md)); a call, `locale.from_accept_language` |
| Niche, silly, or a maybe with no published standard | Out: 729 entries, a package's to define |