Standard types

Every standard type Jadpo has, 259 in all, by group. Each page says how to make one and how it is written, sent as JSON, stored and shown to people, with its examples. The standard types explains the list.

People and contact

Type	What it is
`PersonName`	A person's name: their given name and, where they have one, their family name.
`GivenName`	A given name, one line as the person writes it.
`FamilyName`	A family name, one line as the person writes it.
`Username`	A login handle: lower-case letters, digits, `_`, `.` and `-`, 1 to 64 of them.
`Email`	An email address, checked as one.
`EmailWithName`	A mailbox (RFC 5322): an address with the name shown with it, written `Ada Lovelace <ada@example.com>`.
`PhoneNumber`	A phone number in E.164, `+447400123456`, valid by libphonenumber's metadata for its region.
`PhoneExtension`	An internal extension dialled after a phone number: up to 20 digits.
`PostalAddress`	A postal address in any country: its street lines, its locality, region and postal code where its country uses them, and the country.
`PostalCode`	A postal code, `SW1A 1AA`, checked by its country's pattern where the country is known.
`Uprn`	A Unique Property Reference Number (GeoPlace): up to 12 digits, held as text so no zero is lost: `100023336956`.
`Nationality`	A person's nationality, named by the country, as ISO 3166-1 codes it: `GB`.

Places

Type	What it is
`Country`	A country (ISO 3166-1), written as its alpha-2 code, `GB`; `form: CodeForm.alpha3` writes `GBR` and `CodeForm.numeric` `826`.
`CountrySubdivision`	A country's subdivision (ISO 3166-2), written as its code, `GB-ENG`, its variant `CountrySubdivision.gb_eng`.
`Continent`	A continent, as UN M49 groups the world: written as its own name, `europe`, and as M49's number with `form: CodeForm.numeric`.
`UnLocode`	A place in trade and transport (UN/LOCODE): a country's code and three letters or digits, `GBLON`.
`CallingCode`	A country calling code (ITU-T E.164) with its `+`: `+44`.
`Language`	A language (ISO 639-1), written as its code, `en`; `form: CodeForm.alpha3` writes ISO 639-2's `eng`.
`WritingScript`	A writing system (ISO 15924), written as its code, `Latn`; `form: CodeForm.numeric` writes its number, `215`.
`TextDirection`	Which way text runs, written as HTML's `dir` writes it, `ltr` and `rtl`: what `locale.direction` gives.
`Locale`	A CLDR locale, written as its BCP 47 tag, `en-GB`.
`Zone`	An IANA time zone, written as its name, `Europe/London`.

Geospatial

Type	What it is
`Point`	A position on Earth in WGS84: its latitude and longitude by name, and its height above the ellipsoid where it has one.
`Latitude`	Degrees north of the equator in WGS84, from -90 to 90, held as written: `51.5072`, shown `51.5072° N`.
`Longitude`	Degrees east of the prime meridian in WGS84, from -180 to 180, held as written: `-0.1276`, shown `0.1276° W`.
`LineString`	A path of two points or more, in order: a GeoJSON `LineString`.
`Polygon`	An area with any holes: a GeoJSON `Polygon`, each ring closed with four points or more, the outer counterclockwise and each hole clockwise when written.
`MultiPoint`	Points, at least one: a GeoJSON `MultiPoint`.
`MultiLineString`	Paths, at least one: a GeoJSON `MultiLineString`.
`MultiPolygon`	Areas, at least one: a GeoJSON `MultiPolygon`.
`Geometry`	Any one of the six geometries, sent as the GeoJSON geometry it holds.
`BoundingBox`	A rectangle on the map by its sides (RFC 7946's bounding box), named: its south at or below its north, and a west east of its east across the antimeridian.
`Circle`	A centre and a radius on the ground, the radius never below 0: shown `1,000 m around 51.5072° N, 0.1276° W`.
`Bearing`	A compass direction, degrees clockwise from true north, from 0 to 360: `247.5`, shown `247.5°`.
`Crs`	A coordinate reference system by its EPSG code: `EPSG:27700`.
`EastingNorthing`	Projected coordinates: an easting and a northing, by name, in their reference system's units.
`MapTile`	A web map tile on OpenStreetMap's XYZ scheme: a zoom from 0 to 30 and a column and row each below 2 to the zoom, shown `10/511/340`.
`H3Cell`	An H3 cell (Uber's H3 index), 15 lower-case hexadecimal digits, its bits valid: `8928308280fffff`.
`Geohash`	A geohash cell (geohash.org): 1 to 12 characters, in lower case: `gcpvj0duq`.
`Feature`	A GeoJSON `Feature`: a geometry of the type `G`, one of the six or `Geometry`, and properties of the application's `Object` type `P`, sent as RFC 7946 writes one, with no `id`: `Feature<Polygon, PatchProperties>`.
`FeatureCollection`	A GeoJSON `FeatureCollection`: features of one geometry type and one properties type, in order, as a map library takes a layer.

Money and banking

Type	What it is
`Money`	An amount of money: a whole number of its currency's minor units and its `Currency`, written `GBP 10.50`.
`Currency`	An active ISO 4217 currency, written as its code, `GBP`.
`ExchangeRate`	A rate between two currencies at an instant: one `from` is `rate` of `to`, written `GBP/EUR 1.17 2026-10-18T09:00:00Z`.
`Price`	An amount and whether it includes tax, so a gross price is never taken for a net one: shown as its amount, `£10.50`.
`UnitPrice`	A price per an amount of a quantity, a choice by the quantity's kind, as the UK's Price Marking Order prices goods by weight, volume, length and area: shown `£2.50/1 kg`.
`TaxRate`	A rate of tax, a percentage never below 0%: `20%`.
`Discount`	An amount off a price or a percentage off it, a choice: `money.apply_discount` takes one off a `Price`.
`BasisPoints`	A count of hundredths of a percent, a whole number of any sign, so 25 basis points is never read as 25%: shown `25 bp`.
`InterestRate`	A rate of interest a year and the basis it is quoted on, shown as a lender writes it, `5.5% APR`.
`PaymentCardNumber`	A payment card's number (ISO/IEC 7812), 12 to 19 digits with a Luhn check digit: `4242424242424242`.
`MaskedCardNumber`	What may be kept of a payment card once its number is gone (PCI DSS): its brand, where a listed scheme issued it, and its last four digits, shown as `Visa •••• 4242`.
`CardBrand`	A card scheme, written as its own name, `visa`, and shown by the scheme's, "Visa".
`CardBin`	The first 6 or 8 digits of a card number, naming its issuer: `424242`.
`CardExpiry`	The month a payment card runs to, to its end, written `2028-12` and shown as the card prints it, `12/28`: `year` from 2000 to 2099, `month` from 1 to 12.
`PaymentReference`	The reference a payer sees on a UK bank payment: up to 18 of Bacs's characters, `INV-2026/0042`.
`InvoiceNumber`	An invoice's number (EN 16931): 1 to 200 characters, with no space at either end.
`Iban`	An IBAN (ISO 13616) in its electronic form, upper case with no spaces, its mod-97 check digits passing: `GB29NWBK60161331926819`.
`Bic`	A bank identifier code (ISO 9362), 8 or 11 characters: `DEUTDEFF`.
`UkSortCode`	A UK bank sort code, six digits: `089999`, shown to people as `08-99-99`.
`UkAccountNumber`	A UK bank account number, eight digits with leading zeros kept: `66374958`.
`BankAccount`	A bank account to pay into or take from: a UK sort code and account number, an IBAN, or another country's account by its country, its bank's code where it has one, and its number.
`AbaRoutingNumber`	A US bank's ABA routing number, nine digits with a 3-7-1 checksum: `021000021`.
`Lei`	A Legal Entity Identifier (ISO 17442), its mod-97 check digits passing: `506700GE1G29325QX363`.
`Isin`	A securities identification number (ISO 6166), its Luhn check digit passing: `US0378331005`.
`InterestRateBasis`	The basis an interest rate is quoted on: the annual equivalent rate of savings (`aer`), the annual percentage rate of borrowing (`apr`), or a flat rate on the sum first lent (`flat`).

Tax and identity numbers

Type	What it is
`VatNumber`	A VAT registration number, written as VIES writes it: its country's code (`EL` for Greece) and the number in that country's form, `GB980780684`.
`TaxId`	A taxpayer's identification number with the country that issued it, as the OECD's common reporting standard records one: any of that country's forms, a UTR or a National Insurance number for the United Kingdom.
`UkUtr`	A UK Unique Taxpayer Reference, ten digits.
`UkCompanyNumber`	A UK company's number at Companies House, eight digits or two letters and six: `00445790`, `SC123456`.
`UkNationalInsuranceNumber`	A UK National Insurance number, its prefix one HMRC allocates: `AB123456C`, shown to people as `AB 12 34 56 C`.
`UsSsn`	A US Social Security number, nine digits that the SSA could have issued: `123456789`.
`UsEin`	A US Employer Identification Number, nine digits: `123456789`, shown to people as `12-3456789`.
`PassportNumber`	A passport's number with the country that issued it (ICAO Doc 9303): the number upper case, in that country's form where it publishes one, `123456789` for the United Kingdom.
`DrivingLicenceNumber`	A driving licence's number with the country that issued it: the number upper case with no spaces, in that country's form where it publishes one, `MCADI801206HZ9HM` for Great Britain.
`IdentityDocument`	An identity document: its kind, the country that issued it, its number in that country's form for its kind, and the day it expires, if it does.
`IdentityDocumentKind`	What kind of identity document one is, written as its own name: `passport`, `identity_card`, `driving_licence`, `residence_permit`.
`NhsNumber`	An NHS number, ten digits with a mod-11 check digit: `9434765919`, shown to people as `943 476 5919`.

Commerce and logistics

Type	What it is
`Sku`	A seller's stock-keeping unit, 1 to 64 characters with no spaces: `AB-1234-XL`.
`Ean13`	A GTIN-13, the European article number (GS1), its check digit passing: `4006381333931`.
`UpcA`	A GTIN-12, the universal product code (GS1), its check digit passing and its leading zero kept: `036000291452`.
`Isbn`	An ISBN (ISO 2108) in its 13 digits with no hyphens, its check digit passing: `9780306406157`.
`Sscc`	A serial shipping container code (GS1), 18 digits, its check digit passing: `106141412345678908`.
`Barcode`	What a barcode encodes, by its symbology: a GS1 retail code, Code 128's printable ASCII or a QR code's ISO 8859-1 text.
`UnitQuantity`	How much of something an order line or a stock count holds: a count of items, or an amount by mass, volume, length or area, never below 0.
`Rating`	A rating on its own scale (schema.org): its value, from its `worst` to its `best`, the best above the worst.
`ClothingSize`	A clothing size in its system, written as a label writes it: `UK 10`, `US M`.
`ClothingSizeSystem`	The system a clothing size is in, written as its code: `UK`, `EU`, `US`.
`ShoeSize`	A shoe size in its system, written as a box writes it: `UK 7.5`, `EU 42`.
`ShoeSizeSystem`	The system a shoe size is in, written as its code: `UK`, `EU`, `US`.
`Dimensions`	A box's length, width and height, none below 0.
`HsCode`	A Harmonized System commodity code (WCO), six to ten digits with no dots: `090111`.
`Incoterm`	A rule of ICC's Incoterms 2020, written as its code, `FOB`.
`TrackingNumber`	A parcel's tracking number with its carrier, written `UPSN 1Z999AA10123456784`.
`Carrier`	A shipping carrier by its Standard Carrier Alpha Code (NMFTA), two to four capitals: `UPSN`.
`ContainerNumber`	An intermodal container's number (ISO 6346), its check digit passing: `CSQU3054383`, printed `CSQU 305438 3`.
`LotNumber`	A manufacturing batch or lot (GS1 AI 10), up to 20 of GS1's characters: `ABC123`.
`SerialNumber`	An item's serial number (GS1 AI 21), up to 20 of GS1's characters: `SN-0042a`.
`Vin`	A vehicle identification number (ISO 3779), 17 characters with no `I`, `O` or `Q`: `1HGCM82633A004352`.
`VehicleRegistration`	A vehicle's registration mark with its country, written `GB AB12 CDE`, the mark kept as its plate shows it.

Time and calendar

Type	What it is
`Instant`	One moment for everyone, written `2026-10-25T09:30:00Z`.
`CalendarDate`	A calendar day with no time or zone, written `2026-10-25`.
`ZonedTime`	An instant seen in a zone, written `2026-10-25T09:30:00+00:00[Europe/London]`.
`Duration`	A length of time, exact to the millisecond, written `PT1H30M`.
`Weekday`	A day of the week.
`LocalTime`	A clock time with no date or zone, to the second, written `09:30:00`: `hour` from 0 to 23, `minute` and `second` from 0 to 59.
`LocalDateTime`	A date and a clock time with no zone, written `2026-10-25T09:30:00`: not one moment until a zone is chosen.
`Month`	A month of the year.
`YearMonth`	A month of a year, written `2026-10`: `month` from 1 to 12.
`Year`	A calendar year, written `2026`, from 0 to 9999.
`Quarter`	A quarter of a calendar year, written `2026-Q4`: `quarter` from 1 to 4.
`IsoWeek`	A week of an ISO 8601 week-numbering year, written `2026-W43`: `week` from 1 to 52, or 53 in a year that has one.
`UtcOffset`	An offset from UTC in minutes, written `+05:30`, from 18 hours behind to 18 hours ahead.
`DateRange`	The days from `start` to `end`, both included, written `2026-10-01/2026-10-31`.
`InstantRange`	The instants from `start` up to but not including `end`, written `2026-10-25T09:00:00Z/2026-10-25T17:00:00Z`.
`CalendarPeriod`	An amount of calendar time in whole years, months and days, written `P1Y2M10D`: unlike a `Duration`, a month is a month, however many days it has.
`RecurrenceRule`	When something recurs (RFC 5545): its first occurrence as a local time in its zone, a line feed, then its rule: `DTSTART;TZID=Europe/London:20261026T093000\nRRULE:FREQ=WEEKLY;BYDAY=MO`.
`OpeningHours`	When a place is open each week and the days that differ, read by the clock in its zone (OpenStreetMap's `opening_hours`): `Mo-Fr 09:00-17:30; Sa 10:00-16:00; 2026 Dec 25 off [Europe/London]`.
`CalendarEvent`	A calendar event (RFC 5545's `VEVENT`): an all-day event's first and last days, both included, or a timed event's local start and end and its zone, never both, with what it is called and, where it has them, where it is, what it is about and how it repeats.

Physical quantities

Type	What it is
`Length`	A length or distance, held in metres to 6 places, written `5km`, `45cm`, `3inch` or `2metre`; `m` is minutes.
`Area`	An area, held in square metres to 6 places, written `12sqm` or `2ha`; a `Length` times a `Length`.
`Volume`	A volume, held in cubic metres to 9 places, written `500ml` or `2litre`; an `Area` times a `Length`.
`Angle`	An angle, held in radians to 9 places, written `90deg` or `1.5rad`.
`Mass`	A mass, held in kilograms to 9 places, a microgram, written `250g`, `2.5kg` or `500mcg`.
`Pressure`	A pressure, held in pascals to 3 places, written `1013hPa`.
`Energy`	Energy, held in joules to 3 places, written `2kWh` or `250kcal`.
`Power`	Power, held in watts to 3 places, written `3kW`.
`Temperature`	A temperature, held in kelvin to 3 places, written `21degC`, `70degF` or `300kelvin`.
`TemperatureDifference`	The difference between two temperatures, held in kelvin to 3 places: a `Temperature` minus a `Temperature`, or `units.of`.
`Speed`	A speed, held in metres per second to 6 places, written `30mph` or `100kmh`; a `Length` over a `Duration`.
`Frequency`	A frequency, held in hertz to 3 places, written `50Hz` or `2.4GHz`.
`Voltage`	A voltage, held in volts to 6 places, written `230V`.
`Current`	An electric current, held in amperes to 6 places, written `500mA`.
`Illuminance`	Illuminance, held in lux to 3 places, written `500lx`.
`SoundLevel`	A sound level, held in decibels to 2 places, written `60dB`.
`Concentration`	A mass in a volume, held in kilograms per cubic metre to 9 places, written `5mgL` or `1gL`; a `Mass` over a `Volume`.

Maths and data

Type	What it is
`Percentage`	A proportion where 0.20 is 20%, written `20%`: held as the exact fraction, shown as the reader's locale writes a percentage.
`Ratio`	One number to another as written, `16:9`: `16:9` and `32:18` are two values.
`Fraction`	An exact rational number as written, `3/4`: `1/2` and `2/4` are two values.
`Range`	The values of one ordered type from `start` up to but not including `end`, either of them `none` for an open end, written `2026-10-01/..`.
`DataSize`	An amount of data, held in whole bytes, written `5MB` or `4KiB`.
`Bitrate`	Data per second, held in whole bits per second, written `100Mbps`; a `DataSize` over a `Duration`.
`Vector`	A list of 1 to 16,000 numbers, each a single-precision float, as a model's embedding is.
`Embedding`	A vector with the model that made it, since vectors from different models can't be compared.

Health

Type	What it is
`BloodType`	A person's blood group, ABO and RhD, written `O-`: health data.
`Icd10Code`	A diagnosis's ICD-10 code (WHO), with its dot: `I21.9`.
`SnomedConcept`	A SNOMED CT concept's identifier, its Verhoeff check digit passing: `22298006`.
`Dose`	An amount of a medicine, by mass or by volume, above nothing.
`DosageInstruction`	How to take a medicine (FHIR's `Dosage`): a dose, a route, at least once in a period above nothing, and whether only when needed.
`RouteOfAdministration`	How a medicine is taken (EDQM's Standard Terms), written as its own name, `oral`, and shown as EDQM words it, "Oral use".
`HeartRate`	A heart rate (LOINC 8867-4), a `Frequency` from 0 to 300 beats a minute, written `72bpm` and shown `72 bpm`.
`BloodPressure`	A blood pressure (LOINC 85354-9): its systolic and diastolic `Pressure`s, the diastolic below the systolic.
`BloodGlucose`	A blood glucose level, a `Concentration` never below 0: `units.of(5.5, ConcentrationUnit.millimole_of_glucose_per_litre)`, shown `5.5 mmol/L`.
`Allergen`	One of the 14 allergens a food label must name (UK FIR 2014 and EU Regulation 1169/2011, Annex II), written as its own name, `milk`, and shown as the Food Standards Agency words it.

Media and visual

Type	What it is
`Colour`	A colour in sRGB with its alpha, each channel from 0 to 255, written `#1e6fd9`, or `#1e6fd980` when it isn't opaque.
`ImageDimensions`	An image's width and height in whole pixels, written `1920x1080`, each from 1 to 2,147,483,647.
`AspectRatio`	Width to height in whole numbers, written `16:9`: `16:9` and `32:18` are two values.
`Rect`	A rectangle by its top-left corner and its size, never negative, written as SVG writes a `viewBox`: `0 0 300 200`.
`Insets`	Space inside each edge (the CSS box model), never negative, written in CSS's order: `8 16 8 16`.
`PaperSize`	A paper size: ISO 216's A and B series and the US letter, legal and tabloid, written `A4`, `Letter`.
`ExifOrientation`	How a stored image is turned to be seen upright (EXIF 2.32's orientation), named for where its first row and column are seen and written as EXIF's value: `top_left` is `1`, `right_top` is `6`.
`AltText`	What an image shows, for someone who can't see it (WCAG 2.2's text alternative): one line of 1 to 1,000 characters.
`FrameRate`	Frames a second as an exact fraction, written `30000/1001` for 29.97 and `25/1` for 25: both parts at least 1, held as written.
`VideoResolution`	A video's frame size in pixels, written `1920x1080`: by its pixels, not a name like "4K".
`VideoCodec`	A video codec as the W3C WebCodecs Codec Registry names it (RFC 6381's form): `avc1.42001E`, `vp09.00.10.08`.
`AudioCodec`	An audio codec as the W3C WebCodecs Codec Registry names it (RFC 6381's form): `mp4a.40.2`, `opus`.
`Timecode`	A frame's SMPTE ST 12-1 address: hours, minutes, seconds and frames at `rate`, counted drop-frame or not.
`SubtitleCue`	A timed caption (WebVTT): when it starts and ends from the start of the media, its end after its start, and its text, written as the cue's timings line and text: `00:00:01.000 --> 00:00:04.000` and a line feed.
`ContentRating`	An age rating by the body that gave it, written `BBFC 12A`: `rating` is one of `scheme`'s categories.
`ContentRatingScheme`	A body that rates films or games for age, written as it writes its name: `BBFC`, `MPA`, `PEGI`, `ESRB`.

Web and network

Type	What it is
`Url`	An `http://` or `https://` URL with a host.
`UrlPath`	A URL's path (RFC 3986): `/` and its segments, with no query or fragment, `/products/42`.
`RelativeUrl`	A relative reference (RFC 3986): a path, a query or a fragment, or a host after `//`, with no scheme: `../images/logo.png`, `?page=2`.
`Slug`	A URL-safe identifier: lower-case letters and digits in words joined by single hyphens, `autumn-sale`, as `text.slug` writes one.
`DomainName`	A domain name (IDNA 2008 by UTS 46), lower case, each label beyond ASCII as its A-label, with no dot at the end: `xn--mnchen-3ya.de`.
`Hostname`	A host (RFC 3986): a domain name, or an IP address as `IpAddress` writes it, an IPv6 address without brackets.
`WebOrigin`	A web origin (RFC 6454): `http` or `https`, the host, and a port only where it isn't the scheme's default: `https://example.com`, `http://localhost:8080`.
`HttpMethod`	An HTTP method (RFC 9110), one a route is written with, written as its token, `GET`.
`HttpStatus`	An HTTP response's status code (RFC 9110), from 100 to 599.
`HttpHeaderName`	An HTTP field name (RFC 9110), a token in lower case: `content-type`.
`FileType`	A file's IANA media type, written `image/png`.
`UserAgent`	What an HTTP client says it is (RFC 9110's `User-Agent`): products and comments, `curl/8.7.1`.
`ProblemDetails`	An HTTP API's error body (RFC 9457): what kind of problem it is (`about:blank` when `none`), the status, a short title, a detail for people and the URL of this occurrence, each of which may be `none`.
`JsonPointer`	A pointer into a JSON document (RFC 6901): `/foo/0`, with `~0` for `~` and `~1` for `/`, and empty for the whole document.
`Cookie`	A cookie as a server sets it (RFC 6265 and RFC 6265bis's `SameSite`): its name and value, then its attributes after `;` in the RFC's order and spelling, `SID=31d4d96e; Path=/; Secure; HttpOnly`.
`UtmParameters`	Where a visit came from (Google Analytics' UTM parameters): written as the query that carries them, `utm_source=mailing&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=autumn_sale`; the term and the content only where a campaign uses them.
`IpAddress`	An IPv4 or IPv6 address.
`Cidr`	An address range (RFC 4632 and RFC 4291): its first address as `IpAddress` writes it, `/` and the prefix's length, every bit after the prefix zero: `192.0.2.0/24`, `2001:db8::/32`.
`NetworkPort`	A TCP or UDP port (IANA), from 1 to 65535.
`MacAddress`	A hardware address (IEEE 802's EUI-48) in IEEE's form, six pairs of upper-case hexadecimal digits joined by `-`: `AC-DE-48-00-00-80`.
`Imei`	A mobile device's IMEI (3GPP TS 23.003): 15 digits, its Luhn check digit passing.
`Emoji`	One emoji (UTS #51), fully qualified, as Unicode's list writes it: a red heart is `U+2764 U+FE0F`.
`PushToken`	A device's push notification token, from Apple's or Google's service, opaque.

Software

Type	What it is
`SemanticVersion`	A version (SemVer 2.0.0), written `1.2.3-alpha.1+build.5`: ordered by its precedence, which ignores the build metadata.
`VersionRange`	A range of versions (node-semver's grammar in one spelling): `^1.2.3`, `>=1.0.0 <2.0.0`, `1.2.x \|\| >=2.5.0-beta.1`.
`GitRef`	A git ref name (`git check-ref-format --allow-onelevel`): a branch, a tag, a full ref or a commit's hash, `main`, `refs/tags/v1.2.0`.
`PackageUrl`	A package URL (ECMA-427) in its canonical form: `pkg:npm/%40angular/animation@12.3.1`.
`Cve`	A CVE record's id (the CVE programme's ID syntax): `CVE-2021-44228`.
`SpdxLicence`	An SPDX licence expression, each identifier as the SPDX licence list spells it: `MIT OR Apache-2.0`.
`TraceId`	A trace's id (W3C Trace Context): 32 lower-case hexadecimal digits, not all zero.
`SpanId`	A span's id (W3C Trace Context): 16 lower-case hexadecimal digits, not all zero.
`TraceParent`	A `traceparent` header's value (W3C Trace Context, version `00`): `00-<trace id>-<span id>-<flags>`.
`LogLevel`	How severe a log record is (OpenTelemetry's severities), written as its short name, `INFO`.
`FilePath`	A portable path, names joined by `/`, absolute after a leading `/`, in its shortest form: `/var/lib/acme/uploads`, `../shared/logo.png`.
`FileName`	A file's name every common file system takes: no `/` or `\`, none of Windows' reserved characters or device names, at most 255 bytes: `report.pdf`.
`RegularExpression`	A regular expression: matched whole, in linear time, with no backreferences or lookaround: `[A-Z]{2}[0-9]{2}`.
`ContainerImage`	A container image reference (the OCI distribution reference), fully qualified: its registry, its repository in lower case, and a tag, a digest or both: `docker.io/library/nginx:1.27`.
`Digest`	A content digest (the OCI image specification): its algorithm, `:` and the encoded hash, `sha256:` and 64 lower-case hexadecimal digits.
`Uuid`	A UUID, written in lowercase hexadecimal with hyphens.
`Ulid`	A ULID (the ULID specification): 26 characters of Crockford's base 32 in upper case, `01ARZ3NDEKTSV4RRFFQ69G5FAV`.
`IdempotencyKey`	A request's idempotency key (the IETF's `Idempotency-Key`): 1 to 255 printable ASCII characters, no `"` or `\`.
`Doi`	A digital object identifier (the DOI Handbook), with no resolver before it and ASCII letters in lower case: `10.1038/nphys1170`.

Text formats

Type	What it is
`Markdown`	CommonMark text, with no control character but a tab, a line feed or a carriage return; `markup.to_html` renders it as `Html`.
`Html`	HTML that is always safe to write into a page or an email: building one from text keeps only the allowed elements and attributes, with no scripts, no event handlers and links only to `https:` and `mailto:`, so it never fails; a literal must already be what it keeps.
`RichText`	A structured document: its blocks in order, as Portable Text holds one, each a paragraph, a heading, a quote or a list item, with nothing nested; `markup.rich_to_html` writes it as `Html`.
`LocalisedText`	Text in several locales, sent as JSON-LD sends a language map, `{"en-GB": "Rye loaf", "fr-FR": "Pain de seigle"}`; `text.pick` reads the entry for a locale.
`RichTextBlock`	One block of a `RichText`: a heading's level is 1 to 6, a list item's 1 to 9, how deep it sits.
`RichTextSpan`	A run of text in a block, never empty, with no control character but a tab or a line feed (a line break); its marks; and the address it links to, if any: `https:` with a host, or `mailto:`.
`RichTextMark`	A mark on a span of text, Portable Text's decorators.

Security

Type	What it is
`Password`	A password as a person types it (NIST SP 800-63B): 8 to 256 characters, none a control character.
`PasswordHash`	A password's hash (`crypto.hash_password`): the PHC string of Argon2id, `$argon2id$v=19$m=19456,t=2,p=1$<salt>$<hash>`, which a sign-in checks a password against.
`PasswordPolicy`	The rules a password must meet (NIST SP 800-63B): the fewest characters, from 8 (15 where a password is the only factor), the most, at least 64, and whether a new password is checked against a list of breached ones.
`Hash`	A SHA-256 digest (FIPS 180-4): the 32 bytes `hash.sha256` gives, so `Hash(hash.sha256(body))` builds one.
`Hmac`	An HMAC-SHA-256 tag (RFC 2104): the 32 bytes `crypto.hmac` gives, a webhook's signature among them.
`Jwt`	A signed token (RFC 7519) in JWS compact form, three parts of unpadded Base64url joined by `.`, at most 8,192 characters; an unsecured token, with no signature, is never one.
`JwtClaims`	A token's registered claims (RFC 7519 §4.1), once `crypto.verify_jwt` has checked its signature, times, issuer and audience: `aud` is a list, and `exp` always there.
`Jwk`	A public key a token is checked against (RFC 7517, RFC 7518 and RFC 8037), one of three kinds by its `kty`: `OKP`, an Ed25519 key, `crv` `Ed25519` and `x`; `RSA`, `n` and `e`, its modulus 2,048 to 4,096 bits; or `EC`, a P-256 key, `crv` `P-256`, `x` and `y`, a point on the curve; each in unpadded Base64url, used with one algorithm, `EdDSA`, `RS256` or `ES256`, with an optional key id and certificates (`x5c`, each standard Base64 DER); `use_` is sent as `use`, and `key_ops` holds the operations it may be used for, a key without `verify` checking no token.
`PublicKey`	An Ed25519 public key (RFC 8032), its 32 bytes as unpadded Base64url, `11qYAYKxCrfVS_7TyWQHOg7hcvPapiMlrwIaaPcHURo`: not secret, so it may be read, stored and sent.
`Certificate`	An X.509 certificate (RFC 5280), read from its PEM with `text.parse` or `json.read`: its subject and issuer as RFC 4514 writes them, its serial number in hexadecimal, the first and last instants it is valid at, the SHA-256 of its DER, and the DER.
`TotpSecret`	An authenticator's shared secret (RFC 6238): 16 to 64 bytes as RFC 4648 Base32 in upper case, unpadded.
`OneTimeCode`	The code a person types from an authenticator app, a text message or an email (RFC 4226 and RFC 6238): six to eight digits, a leading zero kept.
`ApiKey`	A key for an API: 1 to 512 printable ASCII characters with no spaces.
`SecretText`	Any other secret text: 1 to 8,192 characters.
`BearerToken`	An access token sent as `Authorization: Bearer` (RFC 6750's `b64token`), at most 8,192 characters.
`OAuthScope`	An OAuth scope (RFC 6749 §3.3): one scope-token of printable ASCII but the space, `"` and `\`, `todos:read`.
`OidcClaims`	Who an identity provider says signed in (OpenID Connect Core 1.0 §5.1): the subject and the standard claims a sign-in reads, each by its own name.
`WebAuthnCredential`	A passkey a person registered (W3C WebAuthn), as `webauthn-rs` keeps one: its credential ID, its public key as a COSE_Key in CBOR, its signature counter, the transports it says it can be reached by, whether it may be and is backed up, the name the person gave it, and when it was made and last used.
`EncryptedValue`	A value sealed by `crypto.encrypt`: its version, algorithm, key identity, nonce, ciphertext and tag.
`PasswordCheck`	What checking a password against its hash says (`crypto.verify_password`): `correct_outdated` is correct against a hash made with older parameters, so store a fresh one.

Travel

Type	What it is
`IataAirport`	An airport's IATA code, three capitals: `LHR`.
`IcaoAirport`	An airport's ICAO location indicator, four capitals: `EGLL`.
`IataAirline`	An airline's IATA designator, two characters: `BA`.
`FlightNumber`	A flight's designator (IATA's SSIM), written `BA123`: its airline, its number from 1 to 9999 and any suffix.
`CabinClass`	The cabin a seat is sold in, written as its own name, `premium_economy`.
`BookingReference`	A booking's record locator (IATA's passenger name record), six capitals and digits: `X7K9QZ`.

Other with a published standard

Type	What it is
`UnNumber`	A dangerous good's UN number (the UN Model Regulations): `UN1203`, printed `UN 1203`.
`Orcid`	A researcher's ORCID iD, its ISO 7064 check character passing: `0000-0002-1825-0097`.
`CefrLevel`	A level of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, written `B2`.
`Mpan`	A UK electricity supply's MPAN core (Elexon), 13 digits, its check digit passing: `1200012345679`.
`Mprn`	A UK gas supply's meter point reference number (Xoserve), 6 to 10 digits: `1234567`.
`EpcRating`	An energy performance certificate's band (the UK's EPC), written `C`.
`Tenure`	How land in England and Wales is held (HM Land Registry), written as its own name, `freehold`.
`LawfulBasis`	A lawful basis for processing personal data (GDPR Article 6(1)), written as its own name, `legitimate_interests`.
`Jurisdiction`	Where a law applies (ISO 3166): a country or one of its subdivisions.
`ModelId`	An AI model by its provider and name, written `meta-llama/Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct`.

AI

Type	What it is
`TokenCount`	How many tokens a prompt or an answer holds, by its model's tokenizer: a whole number from 0.
`TokenUsage`	The tokens one call to a model used: what it read, what it wrote, and how many of those it read its provider's cache served, where it says.
`ChatMessage`	One message in a conversation with a model: who wrote it and what it says, sent `{"role": "user", "content": "..."}`.
`ChatRole`	Who wrote a message in a conversation with a model.